Relationship of socio-demographics, comorbidities, symptoms and healthcare access with early COVID-19 presentation and disease severity.
Identifieur interne : 000033 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000032; suivant : 000034Relationship of socio-demographics, comorbidities, symptoms and healthcare access with early COVID-19 presentation and disease severity.
Auteurs : Laura Vaughan [États-Unis] ; Darlene Veruttipong [États-Unis] ; Jonathan G. Shaw [États-Unis] ; Noemie Levy [États-Unis] ; Lauren Edwards [États-Unis] ; Marcy Winget [États-Unis]Source :
- BMC infectious diseases [ 1471-2334 ] ; 2021.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Accessibilité des services de santé (MeSH), Adulte (MeSH), Adulte d'âge moyen (MeSH), Comorbidité (MeSH), Dyspnée (MeSH), Ethnies (MeSH), Femelle (MeSH), Fièvre (MeSH), Hispano-américain (MeSH), Hospitalisation (MeSH), Humains (MeSH), Indice de gravité de la maladie (MeSH), Medicare (USA) (MeSH), Minorités (MeSH), Mâle (MeSH), Population d'origine asiatique (MeSH), Sujet âgé (MeSH), Toux (MeSH), États-Unis (MeSH), Études rétrospectives (MeSH).
- MESH :
- Accessibilité des services de santé, Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Comorbidité, Dyspnée, Ethnies, Femelle, Fièvre, Hispano-américain, Hospitalisation, Humains, Indice de gravité de la maladie, Medicare (USA), Minorités, Mâle, Population d'origine asiatique, Sujet âgé, Toux, États-Unis, Études rétrospectives.
- Wicri :
- geographic : États-Unis.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adult (MeSH), Aged (MeSH), Asian Continental Ancestry Group (MeSH), COVID-19 (diagnosis), COVID-19 (epidemiology), COVID-19 (ethnology), COVID-19 Testing (MeSH), Comorbidity (MeSH), Cough (MeSH), Dyspnea (MeSH), Ethnic Groups (MeSH), Female (MeSH), Fever (MeSH), Health Services Accessibility (MeSH), Hispanic Americans (MeSH), Hospitalization (MeSH), Humans (MeSH), Male (MeSH), Medicare (MeSH), Middle Aged (MeSH), Minority Groups (MeSH), Retrospective Studies (MeSH), Severity of Illness Index (MeSH), United States (MeSH).
- MESH :
- geographic : United States.
- diagnosis : COVID-19.
- epidemiology : COVID-19.
- ethnology : COVID-19.
- Adult, Aged, Asian Continental Ancestry Group, COVID-19 Testing, Comorbidity, Cough, Dyspnea, Ethnic Groups, Female, Fever, Health Services Accessibility, Hispanic Americans, Hospitalization, Humans, Male, Medicare, Middle Aged, Minority Groups, Retrospective Studies, Severity of Illness Index.
Abstract
BACKGROUND
COVID-19 studies are primarily from the inpatient setting, skewing towards severe disease. Race and comorbidities predict hospitalization, however, ambulatory presentation of milder COVID-19 disease and characteristics associated with progression to severe disease is not well-understood.
METHODS
We conducted a retrospective chart review including all COVID-19 positive cases from Stanford Health Care (SHC) in March 2020 to assess demographics, comorbidities and symptoms in relationship to: 1) their access point of testing (outpatient, inpatient, and emergency room (ER)) and 2) development of severe disease.
RESULTS
Two hundred fifty-seven patients tested positive: 127 (49%), 96 (37%), and 34 (13%) at outpatient, ER and inpatient, respectively. Overall, 61% were age < 55; age > 75 was rarer in outpatient setting (11%) than ER (14%) or inpatient (24%). Most patients presented with cough (86%), fever/chills (76%), or fatigue (63%). 65% of inpatients reported shortness of breath compared to 30-32% of outpatients and ER patients. Ethnic/minority patients had a significantly higher risk of developing severe disease (Asian OR = 4.8 [1.6-14.2], Hispanic OR = 3.6 [1.1-11.9]). Medicare-insured patients were marginally more likely (OR = 4.0 [0.9-17.8]). Other factors associated with developing severe disease included kidney disease (OR = 6.1 [1.0-38.1]), cardiovascular disease (OR = 4.7 [1.0-22.1], shortness of breath (OR = 5.4 [2.3-12.6]) and GI symptoms (OR = 3.3 [1.4-7.7]; hypertension without concomitant CVD or kidney disease was marginally significant (OR = 2.3 [0.8-6.5]).
CONCLUSIONS
Early widespread symptomatic testing for COVID-19 in Silicon Valley included many less severely ill patients. Thorough manual review of symptomatology reconfirms the heterogeneity of COVID-19 symptoms, and challenges in using clinical characteristics to predict decline. We re-demonstrate that socio-demographics are consistently associated with severity.
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-05764-x
PubMed: 33421991
PubMed Central: PMC7794633
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
Le document en format XML
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94305</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>94305</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Stanford Primary Care Los Altos, 960 N San Antonio Rd #101, Los Altos, CA, 94022, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Stanford Primary Care Los Altos, 960 N San Antonio Rd #101, Los Altos, CA, 94022</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>94022</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Veruttipong, Darlene" sort="Veruttipong, Darlene" uniqKey="Veruttipong D" first="Darlene" last="Veruttipong">Darlene Veruttipong</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Primary Care & Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1265 Welch Rd., Mail Code 5475, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Primary Care & Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1265 Welch Rd., Mail Code 5475, Stanford, 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Shaw</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Primary Care & Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1265 Welch Rd., Mail Code 5475, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Primary Care & Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1265 Welch Rd., Mail Code 5475, Stanford, CA, 94305</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>94305</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Evaluation Sciences Unit, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Evaluation Sciences Unit, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Stanford (Californie)</settlement><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Levy, Noemie" sort="Levy, Noemie" uniqKey="Levy N" first="Noemie" last="Levy">Noemie Levy</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Stanford University School of Medicine, 291 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Stanford University School of Medicine, 291 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>94305</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Edwards, Lauren" sort="Edwards, Lauren" uniqKey="Edwards L" first="Lauren" last="Edwards">Lauren Edwards</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Primary Care & Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1265 Welch Rd., Mail Code 5475, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Primary Care & Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1265 Welch Rd., Mail Code 5475, Stanford, CA, 94305</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>94305</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Stanford Primary Care Los Altos, 960 N San Antonio Rd #101, Los Altos, CA, 94022, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Stanford Primary Care Los Altos, 960 N San Antonio Rd #101, Los Altos, CA, 94022</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>94022</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Winget, Marcy" sort="Winget, Marcy" uniqKey="Winget M" first="Marcy" last="Winget">Marcy Winget</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Primary Care & Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1265 Welch Rd., Mail Code 5475, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. mwinget@stanford.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Primary Care & Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1265 Welch Rd., Mail Code 5475, Stanford, CA, 94305</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>94305</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Evaluation Sciences Unit, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA. mwinget@stanford.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Evaluation Sciences Unit, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Stanford (Californie)</settlement><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">BMC infectious diseases</title><idno type="eISSN">1471-2334</idno><imprint><date when="2021" type="published">2021</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult (MeSH)</term><term>Aged (MeSH)</term><term>Asian Continental Ancestry Group (MeSH)</term><term>COVID-19 (diagnosis)</term><term>COVID-19 (epidemiology)</term><term>COVID-19 (ethnology)</term><term>COVID-19 Testing (MeSH)</term><term>Comorbidity (MeSH)</term><term>Cough (MeSH)</term><term>Dyspnea (MeSH)</term><term>Ethnic Groups (MeSH)</term><term>Female (MeSH)</term><term>Fever (MeSH)</term><term>Health Services Accessibility (MeSH)</term><term>Hispanic Americans (MeSH)</term><term>Hospitalization (MeSH)</term><term>Humans (MeSH)</term><term>Male (MeSH)</term><term>Medicare (MeSH)</term><term>Middle Aged (MeSH)</term><term>Minority Groups (MeSH)</term><term>Retrospective Studies (MeSH)</term><term>Severity of Illness Index (MeSH)</term><term>United States (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Accessibilité des services de santé (MeSH)</term><term>Adulte (MeSH)</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen (MeSH)</term><term>Comorbidité (MeSH)</term><term>Dyspnée (MeSH)</term><term>Ethnies (MeSH)</term><term>Femelle (MeSH)</term><term>Fièvre (MeSH)</term><term>Hispano-américain (MeSH)</term><term>Hospitalisation (MeSH)</term><term>Humains (MeSH)</term><term>Indice de gravité de la maladie (MeSH)</term><term>Medicare (USA) (MeSH)</term><term>Minorités (MeSH)</term><term>Mâle (MeSH)</term><term>Population d'origine asiatique (MeSH)</term><term>Sujet âgé (MeSH)</term><term>Toux (MeSH)</term><term>États-Unis (MeSH)</term><term>Études rétrospectives (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" xml:lang="en"><term>United States</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="diagnosis" xml:lang="en"><term>COVID-19</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>COVID-19</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="ethnology" xml:lang="en"><term>COVID-19</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term><term>Aged</term><term>Asian Continental Ancestry Group</term><term>COVID-19 Testing</term><term>Comorbidity</term><term>Cough</term><term>Dyspnea</term><term>Ethnic Groups</term><term>Female</term><term>Fever</term><term>Health Services Accessibility</term><term>Hispanic Americans</term><term>Hospitalization</term><term>Humans</term><term>Male</term><term>Medicare</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Minority Groups</term><term>Retrospective Studies</term><term>Severity of Illness Index</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Accessibilité des services de santé</term><term>Adulte</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term><term>Comorbidité</term><term>Dyspnée</term><term>Ethnies</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Fièvre</term><term>Hispano-américain</term><term>Hospitalisation</term><term>Humains</term><term>Indice de gravité de la maladie</term><term>Medicare (USA)</term><term>Minorités</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Population d'origine asiatique</term><term>Sujet âgé</term><term>Toux</term><term>États-Unis</term><term>Études rétrospectives</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="geographic" xml:lang="fr"><term>États-Unis</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>BACKGROUND</b></p><p>COVID-19 studies are primarily from the inpatient setting, skewing towards severe disease. Race and comorbidities predict hospitalization, however, ambulatory presentation of milder COVID-19 disease and characteristics associated with progression to severe disease is not well-understood.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>METHODS</b></p><p>We conducted a retrospective chart review including all COVID-19 positive cases from Stanford Health Care (SHC) in March 2020 to assess demographics, comorbidities and symptoms in relationship to: 1) their access point of testing (outpatient, inpatient, and emergency room (ER)) and 2) development of severe disease.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>RESULTS</b></p><p>Two hundred fifty-seven patients tested positive: 127 (49%), 96 (37%), and 34 (13%) at outpatient, ER and inpatient, respectively. Overall, 61% were age < 55; age > 75 was rarer in outpatient setting (11%) than ER (14%) or inpatient (24%). Most patients presented with cough (86%), fever/chills (76%), or fatigue (63%). 65% of inpatients reported shortness of breath compared to 30-32% of outpatients and ER patients. Ethnic/minority patients had a significantly higher risk of developing severe disease (Asian OR = 4.8 [1.6-14.2], Hispanic OR = 3.6 [1.1-11.9]). Medicare-insured patients were marginally more likely (OR = 4.0 [0.9-17.8]). Other factors associated with developing severe disease included kidney disease (OR = 6.1 [1.0-38.1]), cardiovascular disease (OR = 4.7 [1.0-22.1], shortness of breath (OR = 5.4 [2.3-12.6]) and GI symptoms (OR = 3.3 [1.4-7.7]; hypertension without concomitant CVD or kidney disease was marginally significant (OR = 2.3 [0.8-6.5]).</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b></p><p>Early widespread symptomatic testing for COVID-19 in Silicon Valley included many less severely ill patients. Thorough manual review of symptomatology reconfirms the heterogeneity of COVID-19 symptoms, and challenges in using clinical characteristics to predict decline. We re-demonstrate that socio-demographics are consistently associated with severity.</p></div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" IndexingMethod="Curated" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">33421991</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2021</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>15</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2021</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>15</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1471-2334</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>21</Volume><Issue>1</Issue><PubDate><Year>2021</Year><Month>Jan</Month><Day>09</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>BMC infectious diseases</Title><ISOAbbreviation>BMC Infect Dis</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Relationship of socio-demographics, comorbidities, symptoms and healthcare access with early COVID-19 presentation and disease severity.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>40</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1186/s12879-021-05764-x</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">COVID-19 studies are primarily from the inpatient setting, skewing towards severe disease. Race and comorbidities predict hospitalization, however, ambulatory presentation of milder COVID-19 disease and characteristics associated with progression to severe disease is not well-understood.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">We conducted a retrospective chart review including all COVID-19 positive cases from Stanford Health Care (SHC) in March 2020 to assess demographics, comorbidities and symptoms in relationship to: 1) their access point of testing (outpatient, inpatient, and emergency room (ER)) and 2) development of severe disease.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">Two hundred fifty-seven patients tested positive: 127 (49%), 96 (37%), and 34 (13%) at outpatient, ER and inpatient, respectively. Overall, 61% were age < 55; age > 75 was rarer in outpatient setting (11%) than ER (14%) or inpatient (24%). Most patients presented with cough (86%), fever/chills (76%), or fatigue (63%). 65% of inpatients reported shortness of breath compared to 30-32% of outpatients and ER patients. Ethnic/minority patients had a significantly higher risk of developing severe disease (Asian OR = 4.8 [1.6-14.2], Hispanic OR = 3.6 [1.1-11.9]). Medicare-insured patients were marginally more likely (OR = 4.0 [0.9-17.8]). Other factors associated with developing severe disease included kidney disease (OR = 6.1 [1.0-38.1]), cardiovascular disease (OR = 4.7 [1.0-22.1], shortness of breath (OR = 5.4 [2.3-12.6]) and GI symptoms (OR = 3.3 [1.4-7.7]; hypertension without concomitant CVD or kidney disease was marginally significant (OR = 2.3 [0.8-6.5]).</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">Early widespread symptomatic testing for COVID-19 in Silicon Valley included many less severely ill patients. Thorough manual review of symptomatology reconfirms the heterogeneity of COVID-19 symptoms, and challenges in using clinical characteristics to predict decline. We re-demonstrate that socio-demographics are consistently associated with severity.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Vaughan</LastName><ForeName>Laura</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Primary Care & Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1265 Welch Rd., Mail Code 5475, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Stanford Primary Care Los Altos, 960 N San Antonio Rd #101, Los Altos, CA, 94022, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Veruttipong</LastName><ForeName>Darlene</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Primary Care & Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1265 Welch Rd., Mail Code 5475, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Evaluation Sciences Unit, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Shaw</LastName><ForeName>Jonathan G</ForeName><Initials>JG</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Primary Care & Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1265 Welch Rd., Mail Code 5475, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Evaluation Sciences Unit, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Levy</LastName><ForeName>Noemie</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Stanford University School of Medicine, 291 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Edwards</LastName><ForeName>Lauren</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Primary Care & Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1265 Welch Rd., Mail Code 5475, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Stanford Primary Care Los Altos, 960 N San Antonio Rd #101, Los Altos, CA, 94022, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Winget</LastName><ForeName>Marcy</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5893-280X</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Primary Care & Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1265 Welch Rd., Mail Code 5475, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. mwinget@stanford.edu.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Evaluation Sciences Unit, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA. mwinget@stanford.edu.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2021</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>09</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>BMC Infect Dis</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>100968551</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1471-2334</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000328" MajorTopicYN="N">Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000368" MajorTopicYN="N">Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D044466" MajorTopicYN="N">Asian Continental Ancestry Group</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000086382" MajorTopicYN="N">COVID-19</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000175" MajorTopicYN="N">diagnosis</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="Y">epidemiology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000208" MajorTopicYN="N">ethnology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000086742" MajorTopicYN="N">COVID-19 Testing</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015897" MajorTopicYN="N">Comorbidity</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003371" MajorTopicYN="N">Cough</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004417" MajorTopicYN="N">Dyspnea</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005006" MajorTopicYN="N">Ethnic Groups</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005334" MajorTopicYN="N">Fever</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006297" MajorTopicYN="N">Health Services Accessibility</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006630" MajorTopicYN="N">Hispanic Americans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006760" MajorTopicYN="N">Hospitalization</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006278" MajorTopicYN="N">Medicare</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008875" MajorTopicYN="N">Middle Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008913" MajorTopicYN="N">Minority Groups</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012189" MajorTopicYN="N">Retrospective Studies</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012720" MajorTopicYN="N">Severity of Illness Index</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014481" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">United States</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">COVID-19</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Comorbidities</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Race</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Socio-demographics</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Symptoms</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2020</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>17</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2021</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>02</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2021</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>10</Day><Hour>20</Hour><Minute>23</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2021</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>11</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2021</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>16</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>epublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">33421991</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1186/s12879-021-05764-x</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">10.1186/s12879-021-05764-x</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC7794633</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>JAMA. 2020 Jun 23;323(24):2466-2467</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">32391864</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst. 2020 Apr-Jun;21(2):1470320320926899</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">32408793</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Health Aff (Millwood). 2020 Jul;39(7):1253-1262</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">32437224</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Californie</li></region><settlement><li>Stanford (Californie)</li></settlement></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><noRegion><name sortKey="Vaughan, Laura" sort="Vaughan, Laura" uniqKey="Vaughan L" first="Laura" last="Vaughan">Laura Vaughan</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Edwards, Lauren" sort="Edwards, Lauren" uniqKey="Edwards L" first="Lauren" last="Edwards">Lauren Edwards</name><name sortKey="Edwards, Lauren" sort="Edwards, Lauren" uniqKey="Edwards L" first="Lauren" last="Edwards">Lauren Edwards</name><name sortKey="Levy, Noemie" sort="Levy, Noemie" uniqKey="Levy N" first="Noemie" last="Levy">Noemie Levy</name><name sortKey="Shaw, Jonathan G" sort="Shaw, Jonathan G" uniqKey="Shaw J" first="Jonathan G" last="Shaw">Jonathan G. Shaw</name><name sortKey="Shaw, Jonathan G" sort="Shaw, Jonathan G" uniqKey="Shaw J" first="Jonathan G" last="Shaw">Jonathan G. Shaw</name><name sortKey="Vaughan, Laura" sort="Vaughan, Laura" uniqKey="Vaughan L" first="Laura" last="Vaughan">Laura Vaughan</name><name sortKey="Veruttipong, Darlene" sort="Veruttipong, Darlene" uniqKey="Veruttipong D" first="Darlene" last="Veruttipong">Darlene Veruttipong</name><name sortKey="Veruttipong, Darlene" sort="Veruttipong, Darlene" uniqKey="Veruttipong D" first="Darlene" last="Veruttipong">Darlene Veruttipong</name><name sortKey="Winget, Marcy" sort="Winget, Marcy" uniqKey="Winget M" first="Marcy" last="Winget">Marcy Winget</name><name sortKey="Winget, Marcy" sort="Winget, Marcy" uniqKey="Winget M" first="Marcy" last="Winget">Marcy Winget</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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